Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention and can be fatal if not treated. Some students and/or staff are at an increased risk for anaphylaxis because of known allergens. Some individuals with unknown allergies may also experience their first anaphylactic reaction while at school. Symptoms generally appear quickly and progress rapidly.
Anaphylaxis Signs & Symptoms:
LUNGS: shortness of breath, wheezing, repetitive cough
HEART: pale, blue, faint, weak pulse, dizzy
THROAT: tight, hoarse, difficulty breathing and/or swallowing
MOUTH: swelling of the tongue and/or lips
SKIN: hives, widespread redness
GUT: vomiting, diarrhea, discomfort
OTHER: feeling of “impending doom”, anxiety, confusion
** Early recognition of symptoms and immediate treatment can save a life!
** Act quickly! The first signs of reaction can be mild but symptoms can get worse very quickly!
EPINEPHRINE:
0.15mg IM (intramuscular) for 55 pounds or less
0.30mg IM (intramuscular) for 55 pounds or greater
An epinephrine injection is the treatment for anaphylaxis. Each individual with a known history of anaphylaxis or any severe allergies should have a specific emergency action plan on file and their own auto-injector of epinephrine at school. For these individuals with known allergies, follow their personalized emergency action plan.
Individuals without a known allergy:
Rapidly assess airway, breathing, and circulation and begin CPR as necessary.
Appoint someone to CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY.
Do not leave the individual alone.
Inject Epinephrine IMMEDIATELY.
Lay the person flat, elevate legs, and keep warm.
If symptoms do not improve, or if symptoms return, an additional dose of epinephrine can be given 5 minutes or more after the last dose.
Appoint someone to notify emergency contacts.
Transport the individual to the emergency room, even if symptoms resolve.
Send used Epinephrine auto-injector with emergency personnel.
*Adopted: 01/09/17
*Reviewed: 01/10/22